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The ECG Blog

The Anatomy of Pathological Q Waves on ECG myocardial infarction Jun 03, 2025

Pathological Q waves are among the most recognizable signs of a prior myocardial infarction (MI) on the electrocardiogram. Yet their presence is not a...

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Why Atrial Fibrillation with Ventricular Pacing Can Appear Regular atrial fibrillation complete av block pacemaker Jun 02, 2025

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is classically described as an irregularly irregular rhythm, defined by chaotic atrial activity and a ventricular response th...

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Why T Waves Peak in Hyperkalemia: Cellular Mechanisms and ECG Correlates hyperkalemia May 23, 2025

One of the earliest and most recognized ECG manifestations of hyperkalemia is the peaked T wave—a tall, narrow, and symmetric repolarization wave that...

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Cardiac Action Potentials: From Depolarization to Myocardial Contraction action potential May 12, 2025

While cardiac action potentials are often reduced to textbook waveforms and phases, their ultimate purpose is mechanical: to produce calcium influx th...

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Rate-Related Wenckebach Phenomenon: A Deep Dive into AV Nodal Physiology and Decremental Conduction rate related wenckebach May 08, 2025

Wenckebach phenomenon, or Mobitz Type I second-degree AV block, is traditionally taught as a benign and often physiologic conduction delay within the ...

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Digoxin at the Cellular Level: A Unique AV Node Blocker with Positive Inotropy pharmacology Feb 14, 2025

Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside derived from the foxglove plant (Digitalis lanata), has been a staple in cardiology for centuries. Despite the emergence ...

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Atrial Fibrillation with Complete Heart Block: The Physiology of “Regularized” Atrial Fibrillation atrial fibrillation complete av block heart blocks Jan 24, 2025

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is classically characterized by an irregularly irregular ventricular rhythm due to chaotic atrial depolarization and random c...

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The Physiology of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia sinus arrhythmia Jan 17, 2025

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is a common and normal ECG finding that reflects the intricate interplay between the respiratory cycle and heart ra...

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Understanding Atrial Flutter: A Deep Dive into Typical and Atypical Reentry Circuits atrial flutter Jan 10, 2025

Atrial flutter is a macro-reentrant atrial tachycardia defined by organized atrial activity and rapid atrial rates, typically between 250 and 350 beat...

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Ashman Phenomenon: A Deep Dive into Its Mechanism and Physiology aberrancy ashman phenomenon functional rbbb Jan 03, 2025

Ashman phenomenon is a fascinating electrocardiographic finding characterized by an aberrantly conducted supraventricular beat. Often seen in atrial f...

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AV Dissociation: A Specific ECG Finding for Ventricular Tachycardia av dissociation ventricular tachycardia (vt) Dec 27, 2024

The presence of atrioventricular (AV) dissociation is a critical clue in diagnosing ventricular tachycardia (VT). Understanding the anatomy and physio...

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An ECG Misdiagnosis - Why 'The Anatomical Approach' Works heart blocks Dec 20, 2024

This ECG was initially read as Sinus Bradycardia. What are your thoughts?

Before we begin, I highly recommend reading An Anatomical Approach to ECG...

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